Journal of Rangeland

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Rangeland ecosystems are widely influenced by mining activities. Mining has various environmental, economic and social consequences on rangeland ecosystems and affects rancher’s livelihoods. This study aimed to investigate the consequences of mining activities on rural livelihoods of Dehgolan in Kurdistan province. The direct (economic, social) and indirect (ecological and environmental) consequences of mining operation in people livelihood were assessed using questionnaire approach. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were assessed using expert’s opinion and Cronbach's alpha coefficient respectively. The statistical population consisted of 218 pastoralists from six various common utilization communities in Dehgolan Township. One hundred forty ranchers were selected using Cochran method and adapting Morgan and Krejcie table. Systematic random sampling method was used to collect the data from the selected ranchers. Spearman correlation test, Kendall's tau b and Path analysis were used to analyze the data. Multiple regression technique with algebraic method was used to perform Path analysis on the data. Results indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between people livelihood and economic, social, environmental and ecological indices. The measured indices could account 86 percent of the rancher’s livelihood. The path analysis showed that economic consequences of mining activities had the most direct effect, environmental impacts had the most indirect effects and ecological consequences greatest overall impact on the people livelihood. Mining activities was identified as a main threat for the ecosystem and people livelihood.
 

Keywords: Mining, Socio-economic consequences, Environmental, Ecological, Livelihood.

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