Journal of Rangeland

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Quality and quantity of essential oils of medicinal plants, all parts, varies by habitat change. This research conducted to find the most important environmental factors related to the essential oil variations of Yarrow (Achillea milefolium L.). Three main habitats of yarrow including summer (Chaharbagh), sub-summer (Tuskestan-Chaharbagh distance), and winter grazing rangelands (Kechik catchment) were selected for the trial. Soil and flowers of Yarrow was collected from the habitat’s indicator regions in the meantime other environmental factors such as topography and climatic data were recorded. The essential oil of the samples was extracted by water distillation method and a Clevenger. Samples were also analyzed by the GC/MS device. The relationship between environmental factors and essential oil composition was tested by Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCA). Result showed that the most important environmental factors effective on essential oil composition variation are temperature (0.861), elevation (-0.565), TNV (-0.497), silt (-0.491), and moisture (-0.574). It is suggested to produce Yarrow with high essential oil components in the most suitable areas looking at such environmental characteristics.

Keywords: Essential oil, Yarrow, Temperature, Medicinal herb, Habitat

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