fa اثر برخی خصوصیات خاک بر الگوی پراکنش گونه‌های گیاهی در حاشیه جنوبی پلایای حاج علیقلی دامغان تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اکوسیستم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیابانی، خصوصیات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خاک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارتباط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گیاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جایگاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ویژه&shy;ای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارد. هدف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تحقیق</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رابطه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برخی خصوصیات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خاک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با پوشش گیاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حاشیه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پلایای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حاج&shy;علی&shy;قلی دامغان می&shy;باشد. بدین منظور نمونه‌&shy;برداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پوشش گیاهی </span></span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در 5 پلات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ویتاکر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اصلاح‌شده (1000 مترمربع) در هر یک از تیپ&shy;های گیاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انجام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرفت. در مرکز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پلات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نیز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حفر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پروفیل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نمونه‌‌برداری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خاک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انجام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و برخی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خصوصیات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فیزیکی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شیمیایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خاک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">روش&shy;های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متداول</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به‌دست</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آمد. خانواده&nbsp; </span></span><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">Chenopodiaceae</span></span></span></em><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> با فراوانی 24/38 دارای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیشترین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تعداد گونه را به خود اختصاص دادند و شکل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زیستی تروفیت </span></span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با فراوانی 35/32 درصد بیشترین فراوانی را در منطقه دارا بودند.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گروه&shy;بندی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پوشش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گیاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از روش خوشه&shy;بندی دوطرفه انجام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و </span></span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چهار خوشه مجزا از یکدیگر تفکیک شد.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به‌منظور</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شناسایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مهم‌ترین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عوامل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">محیطی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مؤثر بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پوشش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گیاهی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از روش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آنالیز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تطبیقی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متعارف </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">(</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">CCA</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;">)</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شد. از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عوامل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مورد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">محور</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اول </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">pH</span></span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Ec</span></span></span> &nbsp;<span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیشترین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">همبستگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و پس از آن ماده آلی، آهک و شن قرار گرفته و در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">محور</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دوم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میزان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پتاسیم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیشترین همسبتگی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پس</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آن نیتروژن و ماده آلی قرار داشتند. در مجموع دو محور اول 9/45 درصد از واریانس را توجیه کردند. نتایج نشان داد هر چند محدودیت&shy;های موجود که به‌طور عمده در این ناحیه شوری است، از موانع اساسی در اصلاح و توسعه پوشش گیاهی مناطق بیابانی می&shy;باشد، اما توجه به گونه&shy;هایی که همبستگی بیشتری با این عامل نشان می&shy;دهند، می&shy;تواند به‌عنوان راه&shy;گشایی در جهت توسعه پوشش گیاهی باشد.&nbsp; </span></span> In a desert ecosystem, soil properties and its relationship to the plant are of particular importance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between some soil properties and vegetation of the Haji Ali Qoli Playa margin. For this purpose, sampling of cover was done in 5 modified Whitaker plots (1000 m2) in each plant type. At the center of each plot, soil sampling was performed by digging the soil profile and some of the physical and chemical properties of the soil were obtained by conventional methods. The Chenopodiaceae family with the abundance of 38.24 had the highest number of species. The biological form of therophyte with the abundance of 32.35% was the dominant in the area. Vegetation were grouped using two-way clustering method resulted in four distinct clusters. Conventional comparative analysis (CCA) was used to identify the most important environmental factors affecting vegetation. The highest correlation was observed between pH and Ec in the first axis, followed by organic matter, lime and sand. In the second axis the highest correlation was with potassium, followed by nitrogen and organic matter. In total, the first two axes accounted for 45.9% of the variance. خصوصیات خاک, آنالیز چندمتغیره, خوشه‌بندی دو طرفه, پلایا. Soil factors, Multivariate Analysis, Two Way Claster Analasis, Playa. 703 714 http://rangelandsrm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-287-128&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ali Taya علی تایا 100319475328460011125 100319475328460011125 No Department of Combating Desertification, Faculty of Desert Studies, University of Semnan, Semnan گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان Seyed Hassan Kaboli سیدحسن کابلی Hkaboli@semnan.ac.ir 100319475328460011126 100319475328460011126 Yes Department of Combating Desertification, Faculty of Desert Studies, University of Semnan, Semnan گروه مدیریت مناطق خشک، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان Hossein Azarnivand حسین آذرنیوند 100319475328460011127 100319475328460011127 No Department of Arid and Mountains Regions Reclamation, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj گروه احیا مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج Hamidreza Naseri حمیدرضا ناصری 100319475328460011128 100319475328460011128 No Department of Management of Desert Regions, International Desert Research Center, University of Tehran, Tehran گروه مدیریت مناطق بیابانی، مرکز تحقیقات بین‌المللی بیابان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران