Volume 18, Issue 3 (1-2025)
مرتع 2025, 18(3): 467-482 |
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Mahmmodi A, Jahantab E. Investigation of Some Phytochemical and Morphological Characteristics of the Medicinal Plant Cleome quinquenervia Boiss. in the Rangelands of Darab City. مرتع 2025; 18 (3) :467-482
URL: http://rangelandsrm.ir/article-1-1292-en.html
URL: http://rangelandsrm.ir/article-1-1292-en.html
Department of Range and watershed management, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab
Abstract: (476 Views)
Background and objectives: Aromatic and essential oil-bearing plants are significant sources of medicinal plants in Iran, extensively used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic-hygiene industries. Identifying and analyzing the active compounds in these plants is essential to determine their applications and economic value. Cleome quinquenervia Boiss., belonging to the Cleomaceae family, is a medicinal and essential oil-bearing plant. This study aims to investigate the phytochemical and morphological characteristics of Cleome quinquenervia in the rangelands of Darab City.
Methodology: Two natural habitats of Cleome quinquenervia Boiss., Nassabeh and Tang Katouyeh, were identified in the rangelands of Darab City. Leaf samples were collected from each habitat, and essential oil extraction was performed using hydrodistillation and gas chromatography (GC). For the extraction, 100 grams of crushed flowering shoots were subjected to hydrodistillation for 3 hours using a Clevenger apparatus in the Medicinal Plants Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources in Darab City. The chemical composition of the essential oil was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
Results: The extraction and analysis of the essential oil of C. quinquenervia from various habitats in Darab City led to the identification of 31 different chemical compounds. The average yield of the essential oil in the Nasabeh and Tang-e Katuyeh habitats was 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively, based on the dry weight of the plant (w/w). The dominant chemical compounds identified in both habitats included ethane isothiocyanate, α-pinene, β-pinene, 3-cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl, myrtenol, and benzene. In the Nasabeh habitat, the main compounds were ethane isothiocyanate (41.39%), α-pinene (17.65%), β-pinene (17.39%), 3-cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl (2.89%), myrtenol (2.89%), and benzene (2.04%). In the Tang-e Katuyeh habitat, the most abundant compounds were ethane isothiocyanate (21.38%), α-pinene (23.21%), β-pinene (20.80%), 3-cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl (5.72%), myrtenol (4.34%), and 1(7),5,8-o-menthatriene (2.37%).
Conclusion: Phytochemical studies are crucial for the effective utilization of medicinal and aromatic plants. The extraction and identification of active compounds enable the evaluation of their medicinal applications. The analysis of the essential oil of Cleome quinquenervia Boiss. in Darab City revealed that ethane isothiocyanate is the most abundant compound in the natural habitats of this plant. Isothiocyanates exhibit significant pharmacological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, insecticidal, and antifungal properties. Additionally, α- and β-pinene compounds are widely used in the essential oil industry. Identifying these plants and promoting their cultivation and essential oil extraction can support domestic industries. Furthermore, the export of essential oils or their processed products could significantly contribute to Iran's economy.
Methodology: Two natural habitats of Cleome quinquenervia Boiss., Nassabeh and Tang Katouyeh, were identified in the rangelands of Darab City. Leaf samples were collected from each habitat, and essential oil extraction was performed using hydrodistillation and gas chromatography (GC). For the extraction, 100 grams of crushed flowering shoots were subjected to hydrodistillation for 3 hours using a Clevenger apparatus in the Medicinal Plants Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources in Darab City. The chemical composition of the essential oil was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
Results: The extraction and analysis of the essential oil of C. quinquenervia from various habitats in Darab City led to the identification of 31 different chemical compounds. The average yield of the essential oil in the Nasabeh and Tang-e Katuyeh habitats was 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively, based on the dry weight of the plant (w/w). The dominant chemical compounds identified in both habitats included ethane isothiocyanate, α-pinene, β-pinene, 3-cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl, myrtenol, and benzene. In the Nasabeh habitat, the main compounds were ethane isothiocyanate (41.39%), α-pinene (17.65%), β-pinene (17.39%), 3-cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl (2.89%), myrtenol (2.89%), and benzene (2.04%). In the Tang-e Katuyeh habitat, the most abundant compounds were ethane isothiocyanate (21.38%), α-pinene (23.21%), β-pinene (20.80%), 3-cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl (5.72%), myrtenol (4.34%), and 1(7),5,8-o-menthatriene (2.37%).
Conclusion: Phytochemical studies are crucial for the effective utilization of medicinal and aromatic plants. The extraction and identification of active compounds enable the evaluation of their medicinal applications. The analysis of the essential oil of Cleome quinquenervia Boiss. in Darab City revealed that ethane isothiocyanate is the most abundant compound in the natural habitats of this plant. Isothiocyanates exhibit significant pharmacological activities, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, insecticidal, and antifungal properties. Additionally, α- and β-pinene compounds are widely used in the essential oil industry. Identifying these plants and promoting their cultivation and essential oil extraction can support domestic industries. Furthermore, the export of essential oils or their processed products could significantly contribute to Iran's economy.
Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/10/19 | Accepted: 2024/11/13 | Published: 2025/01/29
Received: 2024/10/19 | Accepted: 2024/11/13 | Published: 2025/01/29
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