Journal of Rangeland

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Copper is an essential trace element for plant growth and its deficiency affects the plant species metabolism. High levels of copper also cause toxicity by increasing reactive oxygen in the plant tissues. A completely randomized design was used to evaluate the effects of 0 (control), 1, 3, 4, and 7 mg of copper sulfate concentrations per liter on some germination and structure properties of Melilotus officinalis. The results showed that although the effects of copper sulfate on germination percentage and rate of the species were not significant (p < 0.05), these had significant effects on the shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight, dry weight of shoot and root (p < 0.05). The stem & root lengths and root spreading of the species were reduced by using Copper sulfate treatments. Increasing copper sulfate decreased mesophyll leaf thickness (560.032 μm at 7 mg per a Kg of CuSO₄). Increasing concentration of copper sulfate also decreased the thickness of the parenchyma, phloem and xylem in species roots. Copper sulfate treatments decrease all the tissues in stem of the species except cuticle. The lowest parenchyma, phloem and xylem thickness were 179.96, 100.033 and 150.033 μm, respectively in 7 mg/Kg of CuSO₄ treatment.
 

Keywords: Germination percent, Xylem, Seed vigor.

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